The idea that there are two distinct types of thinking has been around as long as philosophers and psychologists have been trying to understand the nature of human thinking. In recent years cognitive scientists have proposed the strong claim that there are two separate cognitive systems underlying thinking and reasoning with separate evolutionary histories.
On the basis of an overview on the pros and cons of various dual process theories of thinking in different domains such as cognitive psychology, mathematics, art, or philosophy, the seminar will focus on a recent proposal, which assumes a "constellatory" mode of thinking complementing a "ratiomorph" type of reasoning. In contrast to most dual process accounts, the constellatory mode is conceived as functioning on both the non-conceptual and the conceptual level.
>Suggestions from Albrecht von Müller
- Theodor Adornos Konzept des "konstellativen Denkens" in: Ders. (1997 Aufl. 11) Negative Dialektik, F.a.M: Suhrkamp; Ders. (2008, Neuauflage) Ästhetische Theorie. F.a.M: Suhrkamp
-> Sek.Lit.: Dirk Rustemeyer (2001) Sinnformen. Konstellationen von Sinn, Subkejt, Zeit und Moral. Hamburg: Meiner
- Martin Heidegger (1996, 7. Aufl.) Aus der Erfahrung des Denkens. Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta --- download p75 p76 p77 p78 p79 p80 p81 p82 p83 p84 p85 p86
- Martin Heidegger (1944/45) Zur Erörterung der Gelassenheit. Aus einem Feldweggespräch über das Denken. In: Heidegger Gesamtausgabe Bd. 13, Vittorio Klostermann. ->download p37 p38/39 p40/41 p42/43 p44/45 p46/47 p48/49
p50/51 p52/53 p54/55
>Suggestions from Stefan Sellmaier
- Ludwig Wittgenstein (1984): Über Gewissheit. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp
- Donald Davidson (1974). On the Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme. Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association, 47: 5–20
>Suggestions from Britt Glatzeder
"Constellatory Thinking" im Sinne eines Modus von Denken, der dem linear-sequentiellen, "ratiomorphen", analytisch-reflektiven Denken gegenübersteht als holistisch, assoziativ, intuitiv erfassendes Denken, spielt in verschiedenen Kontexten eine Rolle, die im Folgenden fett markiert sind:
- Dual Process Theorien
- Jonathan St B. T. Evans , Keith Frankish (Eds) (2009). In Two Minds: Dual Processes and Beyond. Oxford University Press preview
- Jonathan Evans (2008) Dual Processing Accounts of Reasoning, Judgment, and Social Cognition
Annual Review of Psychology. Vol. 59:255-278 PDF
- DenkPsycholgie / Gestalt-Denken
- Knoblich, Günter & Öllinger, Michael (2006). Einsicht und Umstrukturierung beim Problemlösen. Denken und Problemlösen. Enzyklopädie der Psychologie. J. Funke. Göttingen, Hogrefe
- Philosophy of Mind
- Nonconceptual Mental Content (StanfordEncyclopediaOfPhilosophy)
plato.stanford.edu/entries/content-nonconceptual/
The central idea behind the theory of nonconceptual mental content is that some mental states can represent the world even though the bearer of those mental states need not possess the concepts required to specify their content. This basic idea has been developed in different ways and applied to different categories of mental state. Not all of these developments and applications are consistent with each other, but each offers a challenge to the widely held view that the way a creature can represent the world is determined by its conceptual capacities.
Within philosophy of cognitive science, the notion of non-conceptual content was explicitly introduced into analytical philosophy by Gareth Evans (1982. The Varieties of Reference. Oxford: Oxford University Press)
Excellent reads in this vein:
- José Luis Bermúdez (2003). Thinking Without Words. Oxford, Oxford University Press
- York H. Gunther (Ed) (2003). Essays on Nonconceptual Content. MIT Press cognet.mit.edu/library/books/view
- Philososophy of Art
- Nelson Goodman (1976) Languages of Art. Hackett Publishing Company; 2 edition
- Catherine Z. Elgin (ed.) (1997). Nelson Goodman's Theory of Symbols and its Applications. Garland Pub.
- Rudolf Arnheim (1972) Visual Thinking. University of California Press
- Susanne Langer (1957) Philosophy in a New Key. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
