June 30 to July 1, 2001 at Lake Starnberg, Germany
Organizers: Ernst Pöppel, Albrecht von Müller
The topic of the first three Parmenides workshops was "Taxonomy of Thinking". The goal was to discuss how to develop a classificatory framework of the whole range of cognitive processes that are subsumed under the term "thinking". The invited speakers were asked to clarify what they - from the different perspectives of their respective scientific disciplines - (1) mean by "thinking", (2) how they evaluate the project of a taxonomy of thinking as a framework for a theory of thinking, and to (3) present their proposals of how to approach such a task.
A further topic was the project of designing an experimental paradigm to study different thinking processes using fMRI and EEG.
- Bernard Baars, Cognitive Science, Wright Institute, San Diego
- Per Aage Brandt, Semiotics, University of Aarhus
- Britta Glatzeder, Philosophy, Humboldt University, Berlin
- Ulises C. Moulines, Philosophy, Logic and Philosophy of Science, University of Munich
- Albrecht von Müller, Philosophy, Parmenides Center, Munich
- Frank Pasemann, Mathematics, University of Jena
- Rolf Pfeifer, Artificial Intelligence, University of Zurich
- Ernst Pöppel, Neuropsychology, Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Munich and Parmenides Center, Munich
- Eva Ruhnau, Theoretical Physics, Human Science Center, University of Munich
- Kerstin Schill, Computer Science, University of Munich
- Semir Zeki, Neurobiology, University College of London
- The history of theories of consciousness and the global workspace theory (Bernard Baars)
- The architecture of semantic domains – a grounding hypothesis in cognitive semiotics (Per Aage Brandt)
- What is a taxonomy and what could a taxonomy of thought look like from a logico-epistemological perspective (Ulises C. Moulines)
- Thinking in mathematics and physics (Frank Pasemann)
- Towards an embedded taxonomy of thinking (Ernst Pöppel)
- Embodied Artificial Intelligence (Rolf Pfeifer)
- Modelling cognitive processes (Kerstin Schill)

